Kulesi sifundo, uzofunda ukuthi ungayilungisa kanjani i-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) kuswishi ye-Cisco usebenzisa ithuluzi le-Packet Tracer. I-DHCP iyisici esibalulekile sanoma iyiphi inethiwekhi, njengoba ivumela amadivayisi axhunyiwe ukuthi athole ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP namanye amapharamitha enethiwekhi. Ukulungisa i-DHCP kuswishi ye-Cisco kuyinqubo elula kodwa ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukuthi inethiwekhi isebenza kahle. Ngezansi, sizokukhombisa izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze ulungiselele i-DHCP kuswishi ye-Cisco usebenzisa i-Packet Tracer.
Umhlahlandlela wokumisa i-DHCP kumadivayisi e-Cisco
I-DHCP (i-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) iyiphrothokholi yenethiwekhi evumela amadivayisi ukuthola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP namanye amapharamitha wokucushwa kwenethiwekhi. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza indlela yokumisa i-DHCP kuswishi ye-Cisco kusetshenziswa isifanisi senethiwekhi se-Packet Tracer.
Isinyathelo 1: Finyelela isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa womyalo weswishi ye-Cisco ku-Packet Tracer. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza kwesokudla kuswishi bese ukhetha u-"CLI" kumenyu eyehlayo.
Isinyathelo 2: Kumugqa womyalo, thayipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze ufake imodi yokucushwa yomhlaba wonke: enable . Bese, thayipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze ufake imodi yokucushwa ye-DHCP: configure terminal.
Isinyathelo 3: Dala ichibi lekheli le-IP ukuze ulinikeze amadivayisi axhuma kuswishi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thayipha umyalo olandelayo: ip dhcp pool pool-name . Faka igama elichazayo esikhundleni sechibi lekheli le-IP esikhundleni se-"pool-name".
Isinyathelo 4: Lungiselela amapharamitha echibi lekheli le-IP. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze ucacise ububanzi bamakheli e-IP okufanele anikezwe: i-network network-address network-mask . Faka esikhundleni se-"network-address" kanye ne-"network-mask" ikheli le-IP elihambisanayo kanye ne-network mask.
Isinyathelo 5: Lungiselela isikhathi sokuqasha ikheli le-IP. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo ukuze ucacise isikhathi ngemizuzwana: `isikhathi-sokuhamba-ngemizuzwana` . Faka esikhundleni "isikhathi-ngemizuzwana" ngesikhathi sokuqasha osifunayo.
Isinyathelo 6: Cacisa isango elizenzakalelayo lamadivayisi axhuma kwiswishi. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo: i-default-router gateway-address . Faka esikhundleni "ikheli lesango" ngekheli le-IP lesango lakho elizenzakalelayo.
Isinyathelo 7: Lungiselela amaseva e-DNS kumadivayisi axhuma kuswishi. Thayipha umyalo olandelayo: i-dns-server i-dns-server-address . Faka esikhundleni "i-dns-server-address" ngekheli le-IP leseva ye-DNS ehambisanayo.
Isinyathelo 8: Londoloza ukucushwa ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo: ukuphela.
Ngalezi zinyathelo, uzobe ulungiselele i-DHCP kuswishi yakho ye-Cisco usebenzisa i-Packet Tracer. Amadivayisi axhumeka ekushintsheni manje azothola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP nezinye izilungiselelo zokucushwa kwenethiwekhi.
Ukusetha iseva ye-DHCP ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula.
I-DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) iyiphrothokholi esetshenziselwa ukwabela ngokuzenzakalelayo amakheli e-IP kumadivayisi axhuma kunethiwekhi. Ukuhlela iseva ye-DHCP kuswishi ye-Cisco Packet Tracer kulula kakhulu, futhi lapha sikukhombisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa.
Isinyathelo 1: Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukufinyelela i-switch console bese uvula isevisi ye-DHCP. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umyalo olandelayo:
Shintsha(config)#service dhcp
Isinyathelo 2: Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, udinga ukudala ichibi lekheli le-IP . Ichibi lizoba uhla lwamakheli e-IP iseva ye-DHCP ezowabela amadivayisi axhuma kunethiwekhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ufake imiyalo elandelayo:
Shintsha(config)#ip dhcp pool-name
Switch(dhcp-config)#network network-address subnet-mask
Shintsha(dhcp-config)#default-router-router-IP-address
Switch(dhcp-config)#dns-server DNS-server-IP-address
Isinyathelo 3: Uma ichibi selidaliwe, kufanele unikeze ikheli le-IP ku- switch interface exhunywe kunethiwekhi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umyalo olandelayo:
Shintsha(config)#interface interface-igama
Shintsha(config-uma)#ikheli le-IP-ikheli le-subnet-mask
Shintsha(config-uma)#akukho ukuvala shaqa
Isinyathelo 4: Okokugcina, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukucushwa kweseva ye-DHCP. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo:
Shintsha#bonisa ip dhcp pool
Ngalezi zinyathelo ezilula, uzobe ulungiselele ngempumelelo iseva ye-DHCP kuswishi yakho ye-Cisco Packet Tracer. Manje, amadivayisi axhumeka kunethiwekhi azothola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP futhi akwazi ukuxhumana ngaphandle komthungo.
Ukuqonda Umsebenzi we-DHCP ku-Cisco Packet Tracer
I-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekulungiseleleni amanethiwekhi ekhompyutha. Ku-Cisco Packet Tracer, i-DHCP ivumela amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi ukuthi athole ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP namanye amapharamitha wokumisa adingekayo ukuze axhumeke kunethiwekhi.
Iseva ye-DHCP iyingxenye ebalulekile ekucushweni kwenethiwekhi, njengoba inesibopho sokwabela ngokuzenzakalelayo amakheli e-IP kumadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi. Lokhu kuwenza ube lula kakhulu umsebenzi wokuphatha inethiwekhi, njengoba abalawuli kungadingeki balungiselele mathupha idivayisi ngayinye kunethiwekhi.
Ukulungisa i-DHCP ku-Cisco Packet Tracer kuqondile futhi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo weswishi. Ukuze ulungiselele i-DHCP kuswishi, kufanele uqale ufake imodi yokumisa yomhlaba wonke bese ufaka imodi yokumisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-VLAN.
Uma usukwimodi yokumisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-VLAN, kufanele ucacise ububanzi bamakheli e-IP iseva ye-DHCP ezowabela amadivayisi axhunywe kunethiwekhi. Ungaphinda ucacise amanye amapharamitha wokumisa, njengesango elimisiwe kanye namaseva e-DNS.
Ngokucushwa okufanele, i-DHCP inganikeza ngokuzenzakalelayo amakheli e-IP neminye imingcele yokumisa edingekayo ukuze amadivayisi axhumeke kunethiwekhi kalula. Ukulungisa i-DHCP kuswishi ye-Cisco Packet Tracer kuyashesha futhi kulula!
Umhlahlandlela wokumisa Iseva ye-DHCP kumzila ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa
I-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) iyiphrothokholi esetshenziselwa ukwenza lula ukunikezwa okuzenzakalelayo kwamakheli e-IP kumadivayisi akunethiwekhi. Ngokumisa iseva ye-DHCP kumzila, amadivayisi akunethiwekhi angathola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP kanye neminye imininingwane yokucushwa kwenethiwekhi. Lesi sihloko sinikeza umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokumisa iseva ye-DHCP kumzila usebenzisa i-Cisco Packet Tracer.
Isinyathelo 1: Vula i-Cisco Packet Tracer bese ukhetha i-router ofuna ukumisa kuyo iseva ye-DHCP.
Isinyathelo 2: Chofoza inkinobho ethi Izilungiselelo bese ukhetha ithebhu ethi Iseva ye-DHCP.
Isinyathelo 3: Nika amandla iseva ye-DHCP ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi Vumela iseva ye-DHCP.
Isinyathelo 4: Cacisa ububanzi bamakheli e-IP okufanele anikezwe amadivayisi akunethiwekhi. Lobu bubanzi bungaba bubanzi noma bube buncane ngendlela othanda ngayo, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi abuhlangani namanye amakheli e-IP akunethiwekhi.
Isinyathelo 5: Cacisa ubude besikhathi ikheli ngalinye le-IP elinikeziwe elizosebenza ngaso. Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokuqasha. Ngokuvamile sisethwa emahoreni angama-24.
Isinyathelo 6: Cacisa ikheli le-IP leseva ye-DNS elizosetshenziswa kunethiwekhi. Ikheli le-IP leseva ye-DNS ngokuvamile ikheli le-IP le-router.
Isinyathelo 7: Londoloza izilungiselelo ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi Londoloza.
Ngalezi zinyathelo ezilula, ulungiselele ngempumelelo iseva ye-DHCP kumzila wakho. Manje, amadivayisi akunethiwekhi angathola ngokuzenzakalelayo ikheli le-IP neminye imininingwane yokucushwa kwenethiwekhi. Sithemba ukuthi lo mhlahlandlela ube usizo ekulungiseleleni iseva ye-DHCP kumzila wakho.